How to use this tool
Choose future value, net present value or the supported internal-rate-of-return calculation.
Use a rate per cash-flow period. For NPV/IRR, put the time-zero cash flow first and keep receipts and payments consistently signed.
NPV = Σ cashflow[t]/(1+r)^t; FV = P(1+r)^n + A[(1+r)^n−1]/r
Worked example
-$5.26 · net present value
Fixed example using the settings below. Monetary examples use USD; dates and times use their stated reference values. This example stays unchanged when you edit your calculation.
Example inputs
- Calculation: Net present value
- Periodic cash flows (time zero first): -1000, 400, 400, 400
- Rate per period (%): 10
Method illustration: −1,000 followed by three 400 receipts has NPV about −5.26 at 10%.
Assumptions and limits
- Rates are per cash-flow period. IRR supports one initial negative flow followed only by nonnegative flows, with a unique root between −99% and 1,000%.
- Future-value inputs use positive savings and contributions, not the cash-flow sign convention.
Check or report a result
Check the units, selected calculation and assumptions first. Compare the fixed example above with your inputs to identify what changed.
Report a calculation issue with the page address, hypothetical inputs, result displayed and result expected. Do not include passwords, bank details or other private information.